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What is an electrical steel sheet?
An electrical steel sheet is a functional material used as an iron core material* for electrical equipment. An iron core material must have excellent magnetic properties. For this reason, an electrical steel sheet has characteristics not shared by other regular steel sheets. For instance, an insulating coating is applied to the surface of electrical steel sheets, and impurities in electrical steel sheets (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, etc.), which deteriorate magnetic properties, are reduced to the limit.
※ An iron core material: A current flow in a conductor coil causes a magnetic field because of the electromagnetic principle. Using the electromagnetic principle, many types of electrical equipment, transform electricity to magnetism and generate a working energy. An iron core material is inserted into the coil to increase the magnetic force.
Types and applications of electrical steel sheets
There are two types of electrical steel sheet: grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and non-oriented electrical steel sheet, and they are used for different applications.
●Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet
A steel sheet with excellent magnetic properties only in one direction (the rolling direction) of the steel sheet. It is mainly used for transformers.
●Non-oriented electrical steel sheet
A steel sheet with almost uniform and excellent magnetic properties in all directions of a steel sheet. It is mainly used for motors.
Basic properties of electrical steel sheets
The performance of electrical steel sheets is expressed by two types of magnetic property: magnetic flux density and iron loss.
●Magnetic flux density
An indicator for the ease of magnetization. The higher the magnetic flux density of a material, the higher the magnetic force that can be obtained from it at a constant current, and so, the higher the power that can be obtained.
●Iron loss
An indicator for the magnitude of the loss of energy caused by the conversion of electric energy to magnetic energy. The smaller the iron loss of a material, the smaller the energy loss, and so energy savings can be achieved.